Inter-VLAN Routing (Router on a Stick) e VTP
Caratteristiche generali
- Vlan ID 2 "Server", rete IP 192.168.2.0/24, gateway 192.168.2.254 (interfaccia virtuale 0/1.2 del router)
- Vlan ID 3 "Client", rete IP 192.168.3.0/24, gateway 192.168.3.254 (interfaccia virtuale 0/1.3 del router)
- Vlan ID 4 "Stampanti", rete IP 192.168.4.0/24, gateway 192.168.4.254 (interfaccia virtuale 0/1.4 del router)
- Configurazione VTP (versione 2)
- Switch sw0: VTP server
- Switch sw1 e sw2: VTP client
- Dominio VTP: azienda
- Password VTP: 123456
Soluzione (.pkt)
Configurazione dei dispositivi di rete
sw0# configure terminal
sw0(config)# vlan 2
sw0(config-vlan)# name Server
sw0(config-vlan)# exit
sw0(config)# vlan 3
sw0(config-vlan)# name Client
sw0(config-vlan)# exit
sw0(config)# vlan 4
sw0(config-vlan)# name Stampanti
sw0(config-vlan)# exit
sw0(config)# interface gi0/1
sw0(config-if-range)# switchport mode trunk
sw0(config-if-range)# exit
sw0(config)# interface gi1/1
sw0(config-if-range)# switchport mode trunk
sw0(config-if-range)# exit
sw0(config)# interface gi2/1
sw0(config-if-range)# switchport mode trunk
sw0(config-if-range)# end
sw0# show vlan brief
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
...
2 Server active
3 Client active
4 Stampanti active
...
sw0# show interfaces trunk
Port Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlan
Gig0/1 on 802.1q trunking 1
Gig1/1 on 802.1q trunking 1
Gig2/1 on 802.1q trunking 1
Port Vlans allowed on trunk
Gig0/1 1-1005
Gig1/1 1-1005
Gig2/1 1-1005
Port Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Gig0/1 1,2,3,4
Gig1/1 1,2,3,4
Gig2/1 1,2,3,4
Port Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Gig0/1 1,2,3,4
Gig1/1 1,2,3,4
Gig2/1 1,2,3,4
! Configurazione VTP
sw0(config)# vtp mode server
sw0(config)# vtp domain azienda
sw0(config)# vtp password 123456
sw0(config)# vtp version 2
sw0# show vtp status
VTP Version : 2
Configuration Revision : 13
Maximum VLANs supported locally : 255
Number of existing VLANs : 8
VTP Operating Mode : Server
VTP Domain Name : azienda
VTP Pruning Mode : Disabled
VTP V2 Mode : Enabled
...
sw1# configure terminal
sw1(config)# vtp mode client
sw1(config)# vtp domain azienda
sw1(config)# vtp password 123456
sw1(config)# vtp version 2
sw1(config)# interface fa0/1
sw1(config-if)# switchport mode access
sw1(config-if)# switchport access vlan 2
sw1(config-if)# exit
sw1(config)# interface fa0/2
sw1(config-if)# switchport mode access
sw1(config-if)# switchport access vlan 3
sw1(config-if)# exit
sw1(config)# interface fa0/3
sw1(config-if)# switchport mode access
sw1(config-if)# switchport access vlan 4
sw1(config)# end
! L'interfaccia gi0/1 di default è dinamica (auto), diventa
! automaticamente trunk se collegata a un'altra porta trunk
sw1# show vlan brief
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
...
2 Server active Fa0/1
3 Client active Fa0/2
4 Stampanti active Fa0/3
...
sw1# show interfaces trunk
Port Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlan
Gig0/1 auto n-802.1q trunking 1
Port Vlans allowed on trunk
Gig0/1 1-1005
Port Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Gig0/1 1,2,3,4
Port Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Gig0/1 1,2,3,4
sw1# show vtp status
VTP Version capable : 1 to 2
VTP version running : 2
VTP Domain Name : azienda
VTP Pruning Mode : Disabled
VTP Traps Generation : Disabled
Device ID : 000A.41B0.8E00
Configuration last modified by 0.0.0.0 at 3-1-93 00:05:55
Feature VLAN :
--------------
VTP Operating Mode : Client
Maximum VLANs supported locally : 255
Number of existing VLANs : 8
Configuration Revision : 13
...
La configurazione dello switch sw2 è identica a quella dello switch sw1.
R0# configure terminal
! Interfaccia per testare la raggiungibilità della rete Internet
R0# interface loopback 1
R0(config-if)# ip address 1.2.3.1 255.255.255.0
R0(config-if)# exit
! L'interfaccia fisica deve essere attivata
R0# interface GigabitEthernet0/1
R0(config-if)# no shutdown
R0(config-if)# exit
! Configurazione delle tre interfacce virtuali associate a gi0/1
R0# interface gi0/1.2
R0(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1Q 2
R0(config-subif)# ip address 192.168.2.254 255.255.255.0
R0(config-subif)# exit
R0# interface gi0/1.3
R0(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1Q 3
R0(config-subif)# ip address 192.168.3.254 255.255.255.0
R0(config-subif)# exit
R0# interface gi0/1.4
R0(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1Q 4
R0(config-subif)# ip address 192.168.4.254 255.255.255.0
R0(config-subif)# exit